Wednesday, January 15, 2014

VIDEO: Flowers on bail over drug claims

Media playback is unsupported on your device

Paul Flowers released on bail over drug claims

14 January 2014 Last updated at 20:54 GMT

The former Co-op Bank chairman Paul Flowers has been released on bail in connection with a drugs supply investigation.

The 63-year-old was filmed allegedly handing over £300 for cocaine and discussing buying other illegal drugs.

He arrived at Leeds Stainbeck Police Station on Tuesday afternoon to answer bail after his arrest in November.

His solicitor Andy Hollas said: "There are no charges yet... the investigation is still ongoing."


Deaths as Egypt votes in referendum

Egypt referendum: Tight security but clashes claim lives

The BBC's James Reynolds reports from outside a voting station surrounded by Yes voters

A first day of voting has been taking place in Egypt on a new constitution that could pave the way for fresh elections.

But clashes involving supporters of ousted Islamist President Mohammed Morsi led to several deaths.

The new charter is to replace the constitution passed under Mr Morsi before he was forced out by the army.

The military wants a strong Yes vote in the two-day referendum to endorse his removal.

Mr Morsi's Muslim Brotherhood, now designated a terrorist group, is boycotting the vote.

Shortly before polls opened, a bomb exploded at a Cairo courthouse

His supporters clashed with security forces in several parts of Egypt and officials said nine people had died:

  • Four people were killed and more wounded in clashes in the Upper Egypt city of Sohag, though details of the incident are disputed
  • One person died in Nahia, in the Giza district of Cairo
  • Another was killed during an anti-referendum protest in Bani Suef, south of Cairo, the governor there told the BBC
  • Three people - Morsi supporters according to security sources - are reported to have been shot dead in the Cairo suburb of Kerdasa

Shortly before voting began, there was an explosion near a court building in Cairo's Imbaba district, although no casualties were reported.

A huge security operation is being mounted for the two days of voting. Some 160,000 soldiers and more than 200,000 policemen are being deployed nationwide.

Army chief Gen Abdel Fattah al-Sisi, wearing dark sunglasses and khaki fatigues, visited one polling station in north Cairo, telling guards there: "Work hard. We need the referendum to be completely secured."

The BBC's Orla Guerin in Cairo says this has been a distorted campaign, with endorsements for the new constitution flooding state-run and private TV and radio.

However, spotting any posters from the No campaign is a lot harder and people have been arrested for putting them up, our correspondent says.

Democratic or not, she says, the referendum is seen by many as more than a ballot on a new constitution - it is widely viewed as a verdict on the removal of Mr Morsi.

State-run media were on Tuesday describing the vote as a "democratic ceremony" - a term widely used during the Hosni Mubarak era but not heard since he was ousted in the revolution of January 2011.

One voter in Cairo, Salah Mustafa, told the BBC: "Compared with the document that we had last year, which was a really horrible constitution, there's a lot of rights."

Gen Sisi in Cairo, 14 Jan Army chief Gen Sisi visited one polling station in Cairo early on Tuesday
Voters show off ballot ink in Cairo, 14 Jan Voters show off ballot ink in Cairo
Security forces in Alexandria, 15=4 Jan Security forces were out in numbers in Alexandria

But Mohammed Soudan, a spokesman for the Brotherhood's political wing, said most people were boycotting the vote, adding: "This is a message that we are not recognising this kind of new power."

Interim Prime Minister Hazem Beblawi has called the referendum the "most critical moment" for Egypt.

Interim President Adly Mansour said after voting: "The people must prove to dark terrorism that they fear nothing."

The new constitution was drafted by a 50-member committee that included only two representatives of Islamist parties.

The authorities maintain that it is a crucial step towards stability.

Under the new constitution:

  • The president may serve two four-year terms and can be impeached by parliament
  • Islam remains the state religion - but freedom of belief is absolute, giving some protection to minorities
  • The state guarantees "equality between men and women"
  • Parties may not be formed based on "religion, race, gender or geography"
  • Military to appoint defence minister for next eight years

Critics say the new constitution favours the army at the expense of the people, and fails to deliver on the 2011 revolution.

Egypt's constitutional referendum explained - in 60 seconds

A Yes vote could lead to fresh elections and it now seems certain that Gen Sisi, who backed Mr Morsi's removal following mass protests, will run for president.

Turnout 'key'

The constitution is expected to attract a resounding Yes vote, but the turnout is key, analysts say.

The last charter, passed just over a year ago, was approved by 63.8%, but only 32.9% of the population voted.

Mohammed Morsi was Egypt's first democratically elected president but was deposed by the military last July.

He is being held in jail in Alexandria, facing several criminal charges relating to his time in office - which he says are politically motivated.

More than 1,000 people have died in violence since Mr Morsi's overthrow.

The BBC's Sally Nabil explains the process involved in the Egyptian referendum vote

Are you in Egypt? Have you voted or do you intend to vote? You can share your views and experiences with us using this form.

Send your pictures and videos to yourpics@bbc.co.uk or text them to 61124 (UK) or +44 7624 800 100 (International). If you have a large file you can upload here.

Read the terms and conditions


Man held over US cinema shooting

Curtis Reeves held over Florida cinema shooting

Sheriff Chris Nocco and eyewitness Charles Cumming describe the incident in this report from ABC News reporter Steve Osunsami

A retired US police officer is being held in connection with the fatal shooting of a 43-year-old man in a Florida cinema in a row over texting.

Curtis Reeves, who is charged with second-degree murder, was denied bail during his first court appearance.

The 71-year-old opened fire after asking a man sitting directly in front of him to stop texting several times.

He told investigators he was "in fear of being attacked". The victim, named as Chad Oulson, died in hospital.

Mr Reeves appeared by video link from the Land O' Lakes Jail in Pasco County at the court hearing on Tuesday afternoon.

He was wearing a jail-issued vest-like garment for his own protection "because of the high-profile nature of the case", a local police spokeswoman told The Tampa Tribune.

Mr Reeves faces a possible life sentence if found guilty.

Wife injured

The two men, accompanied by their wives, had been watching the previews for a matinee screening of the new war film Lone Survivor in Wesley Chapel, north of Tampa, on Monday, when the row broke out.

Mr Oulson's wife, Nicole, suffered non-life-threatening injuries as she had placed her hand over her husband just as he was shot, sheriff's spokesman Doug Tobin said.

Tampa Police spokeswoman Laura McElroy said Mr Reeves was a captain when he retired from the department in 1993.

Lone Survivor, based on a New York Times best-seller, stars Mark Wahlberg and tells the story of four navy Seals on an ill-fated covert mission against the Taliban in Afghanistan.


Vigilantes clash with Mexican troops

Mexican vigilantes clash with soldiers in Michoacan state

Vigilantes in Michoacan The majority of vigilante groups has refused to lay down their weapons

Vigilantes in Mexico have clashed with soldiers deployed in the western state of Michoacan to disarm the groups, who last week launched an offensive against the Knights Templar drug cartel.

Most groups have ignored a government order to lay down their weapons.

In the town of Antunez, they say soldiers shot dead at least three people from the community, including an 11-year-old girl.

Vigilante groups have now taken control of large areas of Michoacan state.

There is strong police and military presence in the town of Apatzingan, considered the stronghold of the Knights Templar cartel.

Most businesses around the town are closed in a form of self-imposed curfew, says the BBC's Will Grant in Michoacan.

'Mere puppets'

"There is no law here. The decisions are taken here in the mountains, in the hideouts of the Knights Templar leaders," Apatzingan Catholic priest Gregorio Lopez told the BBC.

"They are the ones who decide. Here the public institutions are mere puppets," said Father Lopez.

On Monday, Interior Minister Miguel Angel Osorio Chong had a meeting with the state governor in the regional capital, Morelia, and announced the deployment of federal troops to quell the violence.

Mr Osorio Chong said the vigilante groups should either join the police force or disarm.

Police convoy in Michoacan Federal police and army soldiers say they will disarm the vigilantes in Michoacan.
Federal forces in Nueva Italia Federal police were deployed in Nueva Italia, previously seized by the vigilantes
Relatives mourn Rodrigo Benitez in Antunez Relatives mourn Rodrigo Benitez, of the victims of the violence in Antunez
Federal police in Apatzingan Most shops remained closed in Apatzingan, the Knights Templar's stronghold

Soldiers and marines have moved into towns seized in the past week by the vigilantes - Nueva Italia, Paracuaro and Antunez.

Leaders of the "self-defence groups" have given contradictory statements as to whether they would disarm.

Some of them initially indicated that they would follow the government orders, but most of the groups have now rejected orders to disarm.

"We're here to the death, all of us," warned Estanislao Beltran, who heads a vigilante group in the town of Tepalcatepec.

New Generation cartel

The vigilante groups first emerged in early 2013 as response to the violence perpetrated by the drug cartel, which ranges from extortion to kidnappings.

Local citizens said that they had no choice but to arm themselves as federal troops failed to guarantee their security.

"How does the federal government imagine that we would lay down our arms when they haven't detained a single leader of the Knights Templar? How is that fair?" questioned a vigilante leader in Michoacan.

"It's illogical. Because if we're left without weapons, they will immediately come and kill us."

The Knights Templar, which controls much of the methamphetamine trade to the United States, says the vigilantes have sided with their rivals of the New Generation cartel, from neighbouring Jalisco state.

The "self-defence groups" fiercely deny involvement with any criminal organisation.


Colombia rebels plan drug regulation

Colombian Farc rebels present drug regulation plan

Workers hired by the government destroy coca plants in Colombia in November2010 The rebels say the eradication of illicit crops is not the way forward

Colombia's largest left-wing rebel group, the Farc, has presented its proposals to regulate drug production.

The Farc presented the plan as part of its peace talks with the government.

The guerrilla group, which largely finances itself through drug trafficking, suggested a programme to "regulate the production of coca, poppies and marijuana".

The rebels said that growers should be enticed "to voluntarily grow alternative crops".

Along with Peru and Bolivia, Colombia is one of the world's top three producers of coca, the raw material for making cocaine.

It also grows large amounts of marijuana and produces smaller quantities of heroin.

The government has spent millions of dollars trying to eradicate illicit crops - pulling them out by hand, spraying them with herbicides, and encouraging growers to switch to legal alternatives.

According to United Nations figures, Colombia has seen a 25% fall in the area of land planted with coca between 2011 and 2012.

But Farc negotiator Pablo Catatumbo said prohibition and eradication were not the way forward.

'Legal alternatives'

"Instead of fighting the production [of illicit substances] it's about regulating it and finding alternatives," he said.

"The fundamental basis of this plan lies in its voluntary and collaborative nature, and in the political will on the part of the growers to take alternative paths to achieve humane living and working conditions."

A policeman cuts open a package of marijuana in Villavicencio in April 2010 Illegal groups in Colombia finance themselves largely through drug trafficking

Mr Catatumbo also said that the "medicinal, therapeutical and cultural" uses of the substances should be taken into account.

In neighbouring Bolivia, the production of coca in small amounts is legal although the production of cocaine remains banned.

Coca leaves have been used for many centuries as a mild stimulant and to counteract the effects of high altitude in the Andes.

Last month another South American nation, Uruguay, voted to legalise the marijuana trade, becoming the first country in the world to do so.

The Farc has been engaged in peace talks with the Colombian government for more than a year.

The two sides have reached tentative agreements on two issues so far - land reform and the eventual political participation of the rebels should a peace treaty be signed.

They are currently holding their 19th round of talks in the Cuban capital, Havana.


Catholic orders in abuse apologies

NI abuse inquiry: Two Catholic orders apologise

Inquiry hearing Hundreds of witnesses will give evidence to the inquiry

Two religious orders in the Catholic Church have apologised for the abuse suffered by children in their residential homes.

The comments were made on the second day of the inquiry into historical abuse in 13 Northern Ireland care homes and borstals between 1922 and 1995.

Lawyers for De La Salle Brothers and Sisters of Nazareth made the apologies.

The Health and Social Care Board also said that if the state had failed in any way it was sorry.

A barrister representing De La Salle Brothers offered their "sincere and unreserved apology" for the abuse at its home in Kircubbin, County Down.

The QC said the Brothers "deeply regret that boys in their care were abused".

He said their mission was to look after the welfare of vulnerable and deprived children, and the abuse by some Brothers "was in contradiction to their vocation.

"They recognise that there have been failures to protect the victims," he said.

"This inquiry represents perhaps the last opportunity to establish what exactly occurred during the operation of the homes."

The inquiry also heard admissions made on behalf of the Sisters of Nazareth order of nuns.

A barrister representing them said they "recognise the hurt that's been caused to some children in their care".

"They apologise unreservedly for any abuse suffered by children in their care. They go forward hoping that lessons will be learned, not just by them in the provision of care, but also by carers generally in society and in wider society at large."

'Bygone age'

A barrister for the Health and Social Care Board said that where it had failed to meet acceptable standards, it offered its apologies to those involved.

Christine Smith Christine Smith QC outlined the context in which institutional care in Northern Ireland had operated

Earlier, it was told that some children's homes in Northern Ireland in the 1960s were relics of a bygone era.

Post-war welfare reforms were not adopted by some institutions, the senior counsel to the panel said.

"The evidence suggests that those homes operated as outdated survivors of a bygone age," said Christine Smith QC.

Outlining the context of institutional care in Northern Ireland, she said the status of children historically could be illustrated by the fact that while the RSPCA was set up in 1824, the NSPCC was not set up for another 60 years.

The barrister told the inquiry of one submission received by a woman who had been in care between 1971 and 1976.

She detailed how after wetting her bed, she had her nose rubbed in it, before being stripped, left in a cold room and then forced to wash in cold water and disinfectant.

The biggest ever public inquiry into child abuse ever held in the UK is investigating claims of physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, as well as childhood neglect.

The public hearings stage of the inquiry, which began on Monday, is being held in Banbridge, County Down, and is expected to last for 18 months.

The inquiry's remit is limited to children's residential institutions in Northern Ireland.

During that time, it is due to hear evidence from more than 300 witnesses, including former residents who claim they were abused as children, the people who ran the institutions, health and social care officials and government representatives.

The inquiry's remit is limited to children's residential institutions in Northern Ireland.

To date, 434 people have contacted the inquiry to allege they were abused.


France's Barnier seeks top EU job

France's Michel Barnier aims to head EU Commission

EU Commissioner Michel Barnier, 19 Dec 13 Mr Barnier says the financial crisis was imported from the US

The French politician steering the EU's banking reforms, Michel Barnier, says he is ready to run for the post of European Commission president after the European elections in May.

The main centre-right bloc, the European People's Party (EPP), would first have to nominate Mr Barnier, the EU's internal market commissioner.

Portuguese conservative Jose Manuel Barroso currently heads the Commission.

A veteran of EU politics, Jean-Claude Juncker, also wants Mr Barroso's job.

Mr Barroso has already served two five-year terms and is set to step down in November.

The Commission drafts EU laws and enforces compliance with EU treaties. During the eurozone crisis its powers have grown, so it now scrutinises national budgets and issues economic guidelines.

The French daily Le Figaro asked Mr Barnier if he could confirm his candidacy, and he replied: "If I am chosen by the European People's Party, I am ready to commit myself".

The centre-left bloc in the European Parliament, the Socialists and Democrats (S&D), has nominated German MEP Martin Schulz, currently president of the parliament.

Social Democrat MEP and European Parliament President Martin Schulz, 19 Dec 13 German Socialist MEP Martin Schulz already has the centre-left nomination
Voter influence

Under Lisbon Treaty rules, the EU government leaders - jointly called the European Council - have to take account of the European election results when choosing a candidate to head the Commission. That is set to happen in June.

Mr Barnier's ambitions depend on how well the centre-right parties do in the May election.

French newspaper Le Figaro asked him to sketch the Commission's next priorities. He said the current Commission had been preoccupied with crisis management, but "the next five years must allow Europe to take the initiative: industrial strategy, infrastructure policy, the single market, security, immigration.

"Those are the areas where the Commission must set the common European interest free and act as a stimulus."

German media report that German Chancellor Angela Merkel, seen as the most powerful leader in the eurozone, is not keen on Mr Juncker becoming Commission president, though her stance has not been confirmed officially.

Mr Juncker previously served as head of the Eurogroup - the eurozone finance ministers - and prime minister of Luxembourg.

The Irish Prime Minister (Taoiseach), Enda Kenny, and his Polish counterpart Donald Tusk are also seen as potential EPP candidates for the Commission presidency.

The newly elected parliament will still have to vote on the Council's choice for Commission president. An absolute majority of the 751 MEPs is required to confirm the nominee.

Next month the liberal ALDE bloc, the third biggest group in the European Parliament, will select its candidate for Commission president. The frontrunners are the EU Economic Affairs Commissioner Olli Rehn and ALDE leader Guy Verhofstadt, a veteran of EU politics and former Belgian prime minister.


O'Sullivan cruises into last eight

14 January 2014 Last updated at 23:11

Masters 2014: Ronnie O'Sullivan eases past Robert Milkins

Masters 2014

  • Venue: Alexandra Palace, London
  • Dates: 12-19 January
  • Sessions: 13:00 & 19:00 GMT

Coverage: Live on BBC TV, Red Button, BBC Sport website, BBC Sport app, Connected TVs and mobile devices

Ronnie O'Sullivan cruised to a 6-1 victory over Robert Milkins to reach the quarter-finals at the Masters.

The world champion raced into a 5-0 lead but slipped up in frame six and allowed Milkins to avoid the whitewash.

Four-time Masters winner O'Sullivan responded by winning frame seven to seal victory.

Earlier, Shaun Murphy beat Ding Junhui 6-4 in a match that was delayed because of a power cut at Alexandra Palace in London.

O'Sullivan will next face either Barry Hawkins or Ricky Walden in the last eight, who meet at 19:00 GMT on Wednesday.

The 38-year-old made short work of Milkins and took little over an hour to establish a 5-0 lead.

A rare mistake allowed Milkins, 37, to pull a frame back before O'Sullivan finished the job, with British artist Damien Hirst and Rolling Stones guitarist Ronnie Wood among the spectators.

O'Sullivan said: "Damien has been in my corner for a long time. He gets me and understands how challenging this game can be, and gives me a lot of support. It was brilliant for Ronnie to come because I hadn't seen him for ages.

"We all had a good night out - it gets a bit boring sitting in and watching Big Brother."

Murphy was made to work harder for his victory over Ding and battle back from 2-0 and 4-2 down to set up a meeting with Marco Fu in the last eight.

China's Ding, who won the Masters title in 2011, took a 2-0 lead with breaks of 99 and 84 but Murphy was able to make it 2-2 at the interval.

After restoring his two-frame lead, Ding lost his way and his opponent took the next four frames to go through.

The 26-year-old looked favourite to go through but missed the chance to go 5-2 up when he led frame seven and never recovered.

England's Murphy took advantage by winning frames seven and eight before taking the lead for the first time in the match and going on to seal victory.

The 31-year-old, who has never won the Masters, will meet Hong Kong's Fu, who came through the first round with a 6-5 victory over Judd Trump .

The match between Murphy and Ding started at 14:20 GMT - 80 minutes late - because of the power failure.


VIDEO: Police search Bieber's home

Media playback is unsupported on your device

Justin Bieber's home searched after egg-throwing incident

14 January 2014 Last updated at 22:16 GMT

Lieutenant David Thompson of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department has said that Justin Bieber's house has been searched, after the singer was accused of throwing eggs at a neighbour's house.

He said that Bieber "has not been arrested, nor has he been exonerated". He said there was an arrest at the residence due to narcotics, but this was not Bieber.

In October 2013, prosecutors decided not to charge the 19-year-old singer after a neighbour complained he drove recklessly through the area.


VIDEO: Are driverless cars the future?

Media playback is unsupported on your device

Are driverless cars the future?

15 January 2014 Last updated at 00:08 GMT

BMW has shown off self-driving cars that can "drift" around bends and slalom between cones at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas.

Other car manufacturers are also developing forms of cars that are able to drive themselves.

David Grossman reports for Newsnight.


VIDEO: Bewitching poison: alcohol as medicine

Media playback is unsupported on your device

The last drop: the history of alcohol in medicine

15 January 2014 Last updated at 00:34 GMT

For hundreds of years alcohol claimed a prized place amongst the pills, potions and purportedly healing herbs of British pharmaceutical history.

A drop of gin was once advised to ward-off the plague, a glug of wine thought to "defend the body from corruption" and a sip of absinthe considered to cure the body of round-worms.

Of course all this has changed. As our understanding of the harms of alcohol on society and the individual has grown, it has given up its place on prescription pads - instead to be superseded by advice to refrain from all but cautious use.

An exhibition at the Royal College of Physicians in London traces its use and sometimes fatal misuse by medical men and women of the past, up to the calls for greater regulation today.

The college is currently calling for a range of measures, including a fifty pence minimum price per unit of alcohol in the UK and tighter restrictions on marketing and advertising, particularly where children may be exposed to it.

The college says: "Alcohol is a factor in more than forty serious medical conditions, including liver disease and cancer, and one of the major preventable causes of death in the UK."

The exhibition runs between 13 January-27 June 2014.


GM to pay first dividend since 2008

General Motors to pay first dividend since 2008

Mary Barra at the Detroit Motor Show General Motors has also been helped by a recovery in the US car market

US carmaker General Motors (GM) said it will resume dividend payments, capping a remarkable turnaround since its 2009 bailout by the US government.

It will pay a dividend of 30 cents per share, the first since July 2008.

GM filed for bankruptcy at the height of the global financial crisis and was rescued after the government pumped in billions of dollars.

But the firm has since seen a strong recovery, led by a jump in sales in key markets such as the US and China.

On Tuesday, the firm said it sold 9.71 million vehicles in 2013, an increase of 4% on the year before.

"This return to shareholders is consistent with our capital priorities, and is an important signal of confidence in our plans for a continuing profitable future," Dan Ammann, GM's chief financial officer, said in a statement.


Controversy of apostasy in Afghanistan

Controversy of apostasy in Afghanistan

Afghan Shias visit the Karti Sakhi shrine in Kabul Islam is seen as being central to Afghan society and identity

An Afghan citizen has been granted asylum in the UK because he is an atheist, in what is being seen as a landmark case. The BBC's Dawood Azami explains why religion is a very sensitive issue in Afghanistan's conservative and traditional society.

Afghans in general take pride in being true Muslims who have made great sacrifices for their faith and who have served it more than any other nation in the region.

Historically, the area that later came to be known as Afghanistan was the power centre of several Muslim empires in the region.

Afghans point to examples in history such as the Third Battle of Panipat (India) in 1761 when the Afghan King Ahmed Shah Abdali assisted Muslim rulers in India to defeat the forces of the Maratha Empire, and the three wars with the British Empire in which Afghans successfully defended their country.

They also take pride in the fact that they have never been colonised while other Muslim nations in Asia and Africa were colonies for centuries.

And, of course, the war against the Soviets in the 1980s contributed to the collapse of the Soviet Union and the emergence of several Muslim countries in Central Asia.

Afghans believe they have served Islam off the battlefield too, with Afghan Sufi mystics, scholars and preachers going to other countries where they promoted Islam.

Conversions from Islam have been extremely rare in the country's history.

An Afghan border crossing at the Khyber Pass manned by British troops during the Third Anglo-Afghan War The Anglo-Afghan wars are a source of pride for Afghans

More than a century ago, an English Christian missionary and doctor, Theodore Pennell (1867-1912), wrote about an Afghan from eastern Laghman province whom he converted while he was admitted to his hospital near Peshawar.

But the young man had to leave his country fearing for his life.

'Apostates' disowned

However, non-Muslims, especially Hindus and Sikhs, have been living peacefully in Afghanistan for centuries.

In recent times, people have been inspired by different belief systems and ideologies including communism.

For those who were born Muslim, it might be possible to live in Afghan society if one does not practise Islam or even becomes an "apostate" or a "convert". They are safe as long as they keep quiet about it.

The danger comes when it is made public that a Muslim has stopped believing in the principles of Islam.

There is no compassion for Muslims who "betray their faith" by converting to other religions or who simply stop believing in one God and the Prophet Muhammad.

And, in most cases, the family itself disowns a person who becomes an apostate.

An Afghan girl holds a picture of journalism student Pervez Kambaksh Journalist Pervez Kambaksh is one of those who have fallen foul of the blasphemy laws

Conversion, or apostasy, is also a crime under Afghanistan's Islamic law and is punishable by death.

In some instances, people may even take matters into their own hands and beat an apostate to death without the case going to court.

In 2006, an Afghan, Abdul Rahman, who announced his conversion to Christianity escaped a possible death sentence. But he was released and was offered asylum in Italy.

Another Afghan, Pervez Kambaksh, was sentenced to death in 2007 for "blasphemy and distribution of texts defamatory of Islam".

But the appeal court commuted the sentence to 20 years' imprisonment before President Hamid Karzai granted him amnesty and he left the country.

Some observers suspect that such claims are made by people who are desperate to make their asylum cases stronger. But belief is a secret. Who knows what is going on in someone's mind?


Where next for the 'new' Google?

Nest acquisition: Where next for 'new' Google?

Wall-E In Pixar's Wall-E, mega-corporation Buy n Large is part of all human life and leisure

In the adorable 2008 Pixar film Wall-E, much of the plot centres on the corporate behemoth that is Buy n Large.

BnL, a "mega-corporation", runs everything. Everything.

The company is the "world leader" in - to pick just a few - aerospace, agriculture, the media, food, science, infrastructure and transport.

But it didn't start out that way. At first, BnL just sold yogurt.

And in 1998, Google just did search.

These days, it's the biggest player in internet advertising. It's a company that sends balloons into near-space, and kits out entire cities with underground cables. It's a company that runs most of the world's smartphones and tablets (logging customers' locations as it goes), and is taking on the wearable tech sector with its smart goggles, Google Glass.

Monday's announcement that Google was to acquire smart-thermostat-maker Nest for $3.2bn (£2bn) came hot on the heels of a big shopping spree in robotics, with the notable acquisition of Boston Dynamics.

It meant Google, whose motto is famously "don't be evil", now counts a company set up to create military equipment as part of its portfolio.

Oh, there are those self-driving cars, too.

Machine-learning

So what exactly is Google, now?

"I think it's been clear for a long time that Google is not a web search company," says Benedict Evans, a technology and telecommunications analyst.

"Google is vast machine-learning project that has been running for over a decade. The objective of Google is to get more data into that system."

How? Well, it's hard to predict the future, but there are some clues out there as to where Google sees its business going next.

BLue Bottle Coffee Co sign Not just tech - Google's investment portfolio is certainly diverse

Nest, for instance, was one of many companies that Google has backed via its Google Ventures project, an initiative launched in 2009 with the intent of providing "seed, venture, and growth-stage funding to the best companies".

A look at some of the other companies backed by Google Ventures demonstrates the full spectrum of where Google thinks the future lies.

At first glance, it looks just like your typical investment fund. There's Kabam, a "hardcore social gaming" start-up; Fitstar, a firm looking to create "innovative fitness apps", and Nextdoor, a local social networking platform.

Take a deeper look at some of Google's interests and you see some truly out-of-the-box thinking.

A Californian "organic coffee roastery", Buttercoin, a marketplace for virtual currency Bitcoin, and Wittlebee, a child's clothing specialist.

Google is, to put it lightly, hedging its bets. Mr Evans agrees.

"Google missed social," he says, "and so is clearly not going to miss drones, and is not going to miss robotics, and is not going to miss home automation as major trends of technology."

In the health sector, more intrigue, with backings of companies that deal in cancer research, early autism diagnosis and DNA analysis.

Most strikingly: 23AndMe, a biotechnology firm that offers rapid genetic testing, allowing customers to take a swab of their own DNA and have it checked, quickly, for genetic-based diseases.

But if you think all of these investments - some financially huge, others less so - are a nod to a lack of focus from Google, you may be wrong.

"All of these things are essentially the end points for cloud information services," adds Mr Evans.

"[Devices like Nest's thermostat] are not discreet little boxes on the wall, the whole point of them is that all of them become software, and all of them become part of the internet.

"Google is about understanding the internet."

Sense of unease

In the fictional world of Wall-E, Buy n Large's expansion from yogurt seller to global superpower is credited in large amounts to the apparent apathy of the human race, which quite literally sleepwalks its way into having every facet of life controlled by the mega-corporation.

In real life, the public has not been quite so willing. News of Google's Nest acquisition prompted the usual smattering of gags from people on social media, as well as half-joking quips from industry experts.

"I kind of think Google read Big Brother and took it as a career goal," remarked one, Rob Enderle, in an interview with the Wall Street Journal.

Likewise, various authorities around the world have come hard at Google, keen to show they are not letting major disruptions in how our personal data is collected and kept happen without proper oversight.

A Google Street View car in Amsterdam Data gathered by Street View cars in more than 30 countries included passwords, emails and other data

It was reported at the weekend that members of Google's "X" team, a group working on top secret research projects, were having meetings with officials from the US Food and Drug Administration to discuss their plans. Mindful, you'd assume, that other ventures - such as 23andMe - had been put on hold by regulators worried about the effects of their plans.

In the public eye, a hurdle to what Google sees as cutting-edge innovation will be a growing sense of unease at the company's motives.

High profile privacy foul-ups - such as the discovery that Google Street View cars were unlawfully collecting data from personal wi-fi networks as they drove the streets - have done little to convince Google's critics, and indeed users, that everything is watertight.

"Part of Google's problem is they tend to think 'we know we're not going to do anything unpleasant with it, so you should just understand that'," remarks analyst Mr Evans.

"There is a gap between how Google sees itself and how its actions sometimes come across.

"From perfectly good motives - making products better - it tends to make people uncomfortable."

Google's ambitions, if realised, will place it at the very centre of everyday life - helping us find information, stay warm and get around.

But its biggest critic will remain its own users who, unlike the humans populating earth in Wall-E, may not be so open to a mega-corporation's embrace.

Follow Dave Lee on Twitter @DaveLeeBBC


China cloning on 'industrial scale'

China cloning on an 'industrial scale'

 

The cloning methods may not be novel - but the application of mass production is

You hear the squeals of the pigs long before reaching a set of long buildings set in rolling hills in southern China.

Feeding time produces a frenzy as the animals strain against the railings around their pens. But this is no ordinary farm.

Run by a fast-growing company called BGI, this facility has become the world's largest centre for the cloning of pigs.

The technology involved is not particularly novel - but what is new is the application of mass production.

The first shed contains 90 animals in two long rows. They look perfectly normal, as one would expect, but each of them is carrying cloned embryos. Many are clones themselves.

This place produces an astonishing 500 cloned pigs a year: China is exploiting science on an industrial scale.

To my surprise, we're taken to see how the work is done. A room next to the pens serves as a surgery and a sow is under anaesthetic, lying on her back on an operating table. An oxygen mask is fitted over her snout and she's breathing steadily. Blue plastic bags cover her trotters.

Two technicians have inserted a fibre-optic probe to locate the sow's uterus. A third retrieves a small test-tube from a fridge: these are the blastocysts, early stage embryos prepared in a lab. In a moment, they will be implanted.

The room is not air-conditioned; nor is it particularly clean. Flies buzz around the pig's head.

My first thought is that the operation is being conducted with an air of total routine. Even the presence of a foreign television crew seems to make little difference. The animal is comfortable but there's no sensitivity about how we might react, let alone what animal rights campaigners might make of it all.

I check the figures: the team can do two implantations a day. The success rate is about 70-80%.

Embryo implantation Sows are implanted with early stage embryos known as blastocysts

Dusk is falling as we're shown into another shed where new-born piglets are lying close to their mothers to suckle. Heat lamps keep the room warm. Some of the animals are clones of clones. Most have been genetically modified.

The point of the work is to use pigs to test out new medicines. Because they are so similar genetically to humans, pigs can serve as useful "models". So modifying their genes to give them traits can aid that process.

One batch of particularly small pigs has had a growth gene removed - they stopped growing at the age of one. Others have had their DNA tinkered with to try to make them more susceptible to Alzheimer's.

Back at the company headquarters, a line of technicians is hunched over microscopes. This is a BGI innovation: replacing expensive machines with people. It's called "handmade cloning" and is designed to make everything quicker and easier.

The scientist in charge, Dr Yutao Du, explains the technique in a way that leaves me reeling.

"We can do cloning on a very large scale," she tells me, "30-50 people together doing cloning so that we can make a cloning factory here."

A cloning factory - an incredible notion borrowed straight from science fiction. But here in Shenzhen, in what was an old shoe factory, this rising power is creating a new industry.

Infographic

The scale of ambition is staggering. BGI is not only the world's largest centre for cloning pigs - it's also the world's largest centre for gene sequencing.

In neighbouring buildings, there are rows of gene sequencers - machines the size of fridges operating 24 hours a day crunching through the codes for life.

To illustrate the scale of this operation, Europe's largest gene sequencing centre is the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute near Cambridge. It has 30 machines. BGI has 156 and has even bought an American company that makes them.

BGI's chief executive, Wang Jun, tells me how they need the technology to develop ever faster and cheaper ways of reading genes.

Again, a comparison for scale: a recently-launched UK project seeks to sequence 10,000 human genomes. BGI has ambitions to sequence the genomes of a million people, a million animals and a million plants.

Wang Jun is keen to stress that all this work must be relevant to ordinary people through better healthcare or tastier food. The BGI canteen is used as a testbed for some of the products from the labs: everything from grouper twice the normal size, to pigs, to yoghurt.

I ask Wang Jun how he chooses what to sequence. After the shock of hearing the phrase "cloning factory", out comes another bombshell:

Chinese scientists at cloning centre BGI has ambitions to sequence the genomes of a million people, a million animals and a million plants

"If it tastes good you should sequence it," he tells me. "You should know what's in the genes of that species."

Species that taste good is one criterion. Another he cites is that of industrial use - raising yields, for example, or benefits for healthcare.

"A third category is if it looks cute - anything that looks cute: panda, polar bear, penguin, you should really sequence it - it's like digitalising all the wonderful species," he explains.

I wonder how he feels about acquiring such power to take control of nature but he immediately contradicts me.

"No, we're following Nature - there are lots of people dying from hunger and protein supply so we have to think about ways of dealing with that, for example exploring the potential of rice as a species," the BGI chief counters.

China is on a trajectory that will see it emerging as a giant of science: it has a robotic rover on the Moon, it holds the honour of having the world's fastest supercomputer and BGI offers a glimpse of what industrial scale could bring to the future of biology.


VIDEO: Pothole damage 'cost drivers £100m'

Media playback is unsupported on your device

Pothole damage 'cost drivers £100m'

14 January 2014 Last updated at 19:25 GMT

Motorists spent £100m last year repairing damage caused by potholes, according to figures from the RAC.

Call-outs involving broken suspension and damaged wheels were up by two-thirds, with more than 28,000 incidents recorded in 2013.

The south-west of England was on of the worst hit areas. Councils in Devon and Cornwall claiming it would cost more than £1bn to fix roads there.

Duncan Kennedy reports.


Christie vows inquiry co-operation

Chris Christie vows to co-operate with scandal inquiries

New Jersey Governor Chris Christie: "We let down the people we are entrusted to serve"

Embattled New Jersey Governor Chris Christie has pledged to co-operate with inquiries into a series of scandals threatening his political future.

It has been revealed his senior staff orchestrated a severe traffic jam at the foot of a major bridge in an act of apparent political payback.

"We let down the people we are entrusted to serve," he said in a major speech, referring obliquely to the row.

He had been seen as a top contender in the 2016 Republican presidential field.

In Mr Christie's annual "state of the state" address, the Republican governor touted his education policy, called for stiff new measures to prevent violent criminals being allowed out of jail on bail, and promoted new measures to fight drug addiction, among other things.

He opened the speech addressing the growing bridge traffic scandal, which has engulfed his administration in recent weeks.

"I am the governor and I am ultimately responsible for all that happens on my watch - both good and bad," he said.

"Without a doubt we will co-operate with all appropriate inquiries to ensure this breach of trust does not happen again. But I also want to assure the people of New Jersey today that what has occurred does not define us or our state."

He said that his administration and the New Jersey state legislature would not allow the row to delay "the work that needs to be done to improve the people's lives in New Jersey".

Following the speech, New Jersey State Assembly Speaker-elect Vincent Prieto, a Democrat, labelled the alleged "abuse of power" by Mr Christie's administration the "number one issue" that his legislative body must ensure did not happen again.

Growing scandal
Jersey City Mayor Steven Fulop, seen on 15 March 2013 Jersey City Mayor Steven Fulop is said to have been denied access to state officials (file photo)

Investigations by the New York and New Jersey news media and by Mr Christie's Democratic political opponents indicate the governor's top aides ordered the closure of two local lanes from the town of Fort Lee on to the George Washington Bridge, which connects New Jersey to Manhattan, last summer.

The mayhem on the span, one of the most heavily trafficked in the world, was allegedly orchestrated in revenge against Fort Lee Mayor Mark Sokolich, a Democrat who declined to endorse Mr Christie's re-election as governor.

Mr Christie has fired a top aide after emails released by the state legislature apparently showed her engineering the lane closures.

New revelations by US media may further damage Mr Christie's political ambition, analysts say.

Documents released on Monday suggest Mr Christie's staff also attempted to punish Jersey City's Democratic mayor.

Those documents suggest the Christie administration cut off Mayor Steven Fulop's access to senior state officials after he declined to back the governor's re-election bid.

Meanwhile, federal officials are also looking into whether Mr Christie misused federal funds allocated for relief from a powerful 2012 storm to produce tourism adverts starring himself and his family.

First elected in 2009, Mr Christie, a former prosecutor, was handily re-elected in November.